tracert.cpp File Reference

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <iphlpapi.h>
#include <icmpapi.h>
#include <strsafe.h>
#include "resource.h"

Include dependency graph for tracert.cpp:

Go to the source code of this file.

Classes
struct	TraceInfo

Macros
#define	SIZEOF_ICMP_ERROR   8
#define	SIZEOF_IO_STATUS_BLOCK   8
#define	PACKET_SIZE   32
#define	MAX_IPADDRESS   32
#define	NUM_OF_PINGS   3

Functions
static INT	LengthOfStrResource (_In_ HINSTANCE hInst, _In_ UINT uID)
static INT	AllocAndLoadString (_In_ UINT uID, _Out_ LPWSTR *lpTarget)
static INT	OutputText (_In_ UINT uID,...)
static VOID	Usage ()
static ULONG	GetULONG (_In_z_ LPWSTR String)
static bool	ResolveTarget ()
static bool	PrintHopInfo (_In_ PVOID Buffer)
static bool	DecodeResponse (_In_ PVOID ReplyBuffer, _In_ bool OutputHopAddress, _Out_ bool &FoundTarget)
static bool	RunTraceRoute ()
static bool	ParseCmdline (int argc, wchar_t *argv[])
EXTERN_C int	wmain (int argc, wchar_t *argv[])

Variables
struct TraceInfo	Info = { 0 }

Macro Definition Documentation

MAX_IPADDRESS

#define MAX_IPADDRESS   32

Definition at line 34 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by PrintHopInfo(), and ResolveTarget().

NUM_OF_PINGS

#define NUM_OF_PINGS   3

Definition at line 35 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by RunTraceRoute().

PACKET_SIZE

#define PACKET_SIZE   32

Definition at line 33 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by RunTraceRoute().

SIZEOF_ICMP_ERROR

#define SIZEOF_ICMP_ERROR   8

Definition at line 31 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by RunTraceRoute().

SIZEOF_IO_STATUS_BLOCK

#define SIZEOF_IO_STATUS_BLOCK   8

Definition at line 32 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by RunTraceRoute().

Function Documentation

AllocAndLoadString()

static INT AllocAndLoadString ( _In_ UINT  uID, _Out_ LPWSTR *  lpTarget  )

static

Definition at line 86 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by OutputText().

{
    HMODULE hInst;
    INT Length;

    hInst = GetModuleHandleW(NULL);
    Length = LengthOfStrResource(hInst, uID);
    if (Length++ > 0)
    {
        (*lpTarget) = (LPWSTR)LocalAlloc(LMEM_FIXED,
                                         Length * sizeof(WCHAR));
        if ((*lpTarget) != NULL)
        {
            INT Ret;
            if (!(Ret = LoadStringW(hInst, uID, *lpTarget, Length)))
            {
                LocalFree((HLOCAL)(*lpTarget));
            }
            return Ret;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

DecodeResponse()

static bool DecodeResponse ( _In_ PVOID  ReplyBuffer, _In_ bool  OutputHopAddress, _Out_ bool &  FoundTarget  )

static

Definition at line 279 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by RunTraceRoute().

{
    ULONG RoundTripTime;
    PVOID AddressInfo;
    ULONG Status;

    if (Info.Family == AF_INET6)
    {
        PICMPV6_ECHO_REPLY EchoReplyV6;
        EchoReplyV6 = (PICMPV6_ECHO_REPLY)ReplyBuffer;
        Status = EchoReplyV6->Status;
        RoundTripTime = EchoReplyV6->RoundTripTime;
        AddressInfo = &EchoReplyV6->Address;
    }
    else
    {
        PICMP_ECHO_REPLY EchoReplyV4;
        EchoReplyV4 = (PICMP_ECHO_REPLY)ReplyBuffer;
        Status = EchoReplyV4->Status;
        RoundTripTime = EchoReplyV4->RoundTripTime;
        AddressInfo = &EchoReplyV4->Address;
    }

    switch (Status)
    {
    case IP_SUCCESS:
    case IP_TTL_EXPIRED_TRANSIT:
        if (RoundTripTime)
        {
            OutputText(IDS_HOP_TIME, RoundTripTime);
        }
        else
        {
            OutputText(IDS_HOP_ZERO);
        }
        break;

    case IP_DEST_HOST_UNREACHABLE:
    case IP_DEST_NET_UNREACHABLE:
        FoundTarget = true;
        PrintHopInfo(AddressInfo);
        OutputText(IDS_HOP_RESPONSE);
        if (Status == IP_DEST_HOST_UNREACHABLE)
        {
            OutputText(IDS_DEST_HOST_UNREACHABLE);
        }
        else if (Status == IP_DEST_NET_UNREACHABLE)
        {
            OutputText(IDS_DEST_NET_UNREACHABLE);
        }
        return true;

    case IP_REQ_TIMED_OUT:
        OutputText(IDS_TIMEOUT);
        break;

    case IP_GENERAL_FAILURE:
        OutputText(IDS_GEN_FAILURE);
        return false;

    default:
        OutputText(IDS_TRANSMIT_FAILED, Status);
        return false;
    }

    if (OutputHopAddress)
    {
        if (Status == IP_SUCCESS)
        {
            FoundTarget = true;
        }
        if (Status == IP_TTL_EXPIRED_TRANSIT || Status == IP_SUCCESS)
        {
            PrintHopInfo(AddressInfo);
            OutputText(IDS_LINEBREAK);
        }
        else if (Status == IP_REQ_TIMED_OUT)
        {
            OutputText(IDS_REQ_TIMED_OUT);
        }
    }

    return true;
}

GetULONG()

static ULONG GetULONG ( _In_z_ LPWSTR  String )

static

Definition at line 159 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by ParseCmdline().

{
    ULONG Length;
    Length = wcslen(String);

    ULONG i = 0;
    while ((i < Length) && ((String[i] < L'0') || (String[i] > L'9'))) i++;
    if ((i >= Length) || ((String[i] < L'0') || (String[i] > L'9')))
    {
        return (ULONG)-1;
    }

    LPWSTR StopString;
    return wcstoul(&String[i], &StopString, 10);
}

LengthOfStrResource()

static INT LengthOfStrResource ( _In_ HINSTANCE  hInst, _In_ UINT  uID  )

static

Definition at line 56 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by AllocAndLoadString().

{
    HRSRC hrSrc;
    HGLOBAL hRes;
    LPWSTR lpName, lpStr;

    if (hInst == NULL) return -1;

    lpName = (LPWSTR)MAKEINTRESOURCE((uID >> 4) + 1);

    if ((hrSrc = FindResourceW(hInst, lpName, (LPWSTR)RT_STRING)) &&
        (hRes = LoadResource(hInst, hrSrc)) &&
        (lpStr = (WCHAR*)LockResource(hRes)))
    {
        UINT x;
        uID &= 0xF;
        for (x = 0; x < uID; x++)
        {
            lpStr += (*lpStr) + 1;
        }
        return (int)(*lpStr);
    }
    return -1;
}

OutputText()

static INT OutputText ( _In_ UINT  uID,   ...  )

static

Definition at line 115 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by DecodeResponse(), ParseCmdline(), PrintHopInfo(), RunTraceRoute(), and Usage().

{
    LPWSTR Format;
    DWORD Ret = 0;
    va_list lArgs;

    if (AllocAndLoadString(uID, &Format) > 0)
    {
        va_start(lArgs, uID);

        LPWSTR Buffer;
        Ret = FormatMessageW(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_STRING,
                             Format,
                             0,
                             0,
                             (LPWSTR)&Buffer,
                             0,
                             &lArgs);
        va_end(lArgs);

        if (Ret)
        {
            wprintf(Buffer);
            LocalFree(Buffer);
        }
        LocalFree((HLOCAL)Format);
    }

    return Ret;
}

ParseCmdline()

static bool ParseCmdline ( int  argc, wchar_t *  argv[]  )

static

Definition at line 499 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by wmain().

{
    if (argc < 2)
    {
        Usage();
        return false;
    }

    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++)
    {
        if (argv[i][0] == '-')
        {
            switch (argv[i][1])
            {
            case 'd':
                Info.ResolveAddresses = FALSE;
                break;

            case 'h':
                Info.MaxHops = GetULONG(argv[++i]);
                break;

            case 'j':
                printf("-j is not yet implemented.\n");
                return false;

            case 'w':
                Info.Timeout = GetULONG(argv[++i]);
                break;

            case '4':
                Info.Family = AF_INET;
                break;

            case '6':
                Info.Family = AF_INET6;
                break;

            default:
            {
                OutputText(IDS_INVALID_OPTION, argv[i]);
                Usage();
                return false;
            }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            StringCchCopyW(Info.HostName, NI_MAXHOST, argv[i]);
            break;
        }
    }

    return true;
}

PrintHopInfo()

static bool PrintHopInfo ( _In_ PVOID  Buffer )

static

Definition at line 211 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by DecodeResponse().

{
    SOCKADDR_IN6 SockAddrIn6 = { 0 };
    SOCKADDR_IN SockAddrIn = { 0 };
    PSOCKADDR SockAddr;
    socklen_t Size;

    if (Info.Family == AF_INET6)
    {
        PIPV6_ADDRESS_EX Ipv6Addr = (PIPV6_ADDRESS_EX)Buffer;
        SockAddrIn6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
        CopyMemory(SockAddrIn6.sin6_addr.u.Word, Ipv6Addr->sin6_addr, sizeof(SockAddrIn6.sin6_addr));
        //SockAddrIn6.sin6_addr = Ipv6Addr->sin6_addr;
        SockAddr = (PSOCKADDR)&SockAddrIn6;
        Size = sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN6);

    }
    else
    {
        IPAddr *Address = (IPAddr *)Buffer;
        SockAddrIn.sin_family = AF_INET;
        SockAddrIn.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = *Address;
        SockAddr = (PSOCKADDR)&SockAddrIn;
        Size = sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN);
    }

    INT Status;
    bool Resolved = false;
    WCHAR HostName[NI_MAXHOST];
    if (Info.ResolveAddresses)
    {
        Status = GetNameInfoW(SockAddr,
                              Size,
                              HostName,
                              NI_MAXHOST,
                              NULL,
                              0,
                              NI_NAMEREQD);
        if (Status == 0)
        {
            Resolved = true;
        }
    }

    WCHAR IpAddress[MAX_IPADDRESS];
    Status = GetNameInfoW(SockAddr,
                          Size,
                          IpAddress,
                          MAX_IPADDRESS,
                          NULL,
                          0,
                          NI_NUMERICHOST);
    if (Status == 0)
    {
        if (Resolved)
        {
            OutputText(IDS_HOP_RES_INFO, HostName, IpAddress);
        }
        else
        {
            OutputText(IDS_HOP_IP_INFO, IpAddress);
        }
    }

    return (Status == 0);
}

ResolveTarget()

static bool ResolveTarget ( )

static

Definition at line 178 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by RunTraceRoute().

{
    ADDRINFOW Hints;
    ZeroMemory(&Hints, sizeof(Hints));
    Hints.ai_family = Info.Family;
    Hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;

    int Status;
    Status = GetAddrInfoW(Info.HostName,
                          NULL,
                          &Hints,
                          &Info.Target);
    if (Status != 0)
    {
        return false;
    }

    Status = GetNameInfoW(Info.Target->ai_addr,
                          Info.Target->ai_addrlen,
                          Info.TargetIP,
                          MAX_IPADDRESS,
                          NULL,
                          0,
                          NI_NUMERICHOST);
    if (Status != 0)
    {
        return false;
    }

    return true;
}

RunTraceRoute()

static bool RunTraceRoute ( )

static

Definition at line 369 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by wmain().

{
    bool Success = false;
    Success = ResolveTarget();
    if (!Success)
    {
        OutputText(IDS_UNABLE_RESOLVE, Info.HostName);
        return false;
    }

    BYTE SendBuffer[PACKET_SIZE];
    ICMPV6_ECHO_REPLY ReplyBufferv6;
#ifdef _WIN64
    ICMP_ECHO_REPLY32 ReplyBufferv432;
#else
    ICMP_ECHO_REPLY ReplyBufferv4;
#endif
    PVOID ReplyBuffer;

    DWORD ReplySize = PACKET_SIZE + SIZEOF_ICMP_ERROR + SIZEOF_IO_STATUS_BLOCK;
    if (Info.Family == AF_INET6)
    {
        ReplyBuffer = &ReplyBufferv6;
        ReplySize += sizeof(ICMPV6_ECHO_REPLY);
    }
    else
    {
#ifdef _WIN64
        ReplyBuffer = &ReplyBufferv432;
        ReplySize += sizeof(ICMP_ECHO_REPLY32);
#else
        ReplyBuffer = &ReplyBufferv4;
        ReplySize += sizeof(ICMP_ECHO_REPLY);
#endif
    }

    if (Info.Family == AF_INET6)
    {
        Info.hIcmpFile = Icmp6CreateFile();
    }
    else
    {
        Info.hIcmpFile = IcmpCreateFile();
    }
    if (Info.hIcmpFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        FreeAddrInfoW(Info.Target);
        return false;
    }

    OutputText(IDS_TRACE_INFO, Info.HostName, Info.TargetIP, Info.MaxHops);

    IP_OPTION_INFORMATION IpOptionInfo;
    ZeroMemory(&IpOptionInfo, sizeof(IpOptionInfo));

    bool Quit = false;
    ULONG HopCount = 1;
    bool FoundTarget = false;
    while ((HopCount <= Info.MaxHops) && (FoundTarget == false) && (Quit == false))
    {
        OutputText(IDS_HOP_COUNT, HopCount);

        for (int Ping = 1; Ping <= NUM_OF_PINGS; Ping++)
        {
            IpOptionInfo.Ttl = static_cast<UCHAR>(HopCount);

            if (Info.Family == AF_INET6)
            {
                struct sockaddr_in6 Source;

                ZeroMemory(&Source, sizeof(Source));
                Source.sin6_family = AF_INET6;

                (void)Icmp6SendEcho2(Info.hIcmpFile,
                                     NULL,
                                     NULL,
                                     NULL,
                                     &Source,
                                     (struct sockaddr_in6 *)Info.Target->ai_addr,
                                     SendBuffer,
                                     (USHORT)PACKET_SIZE,
                                     &IpOptionInfo,
                                     ReplyBuffer,
                                     ReplySize,
                                     Info.Timeout);
            }
            else
            {
                (void)IcmpSendEcho2(Info.hIcmpFile,
                                     NULL,
                                     NULL,
                                     NULL,
                                     ((PSOCKADDR_IN)Info.Target->ai_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr,
                                     SendBuffer,
                                     (USHORT)PACKET_SIZE,
                                     &IpOptionInfo,
                                     ReplyBuffer,
                                     ReplySize,
                                     Info.Timeout);
            }

            if (DecodeResponse(ReplyBuffer, (Ping == NUM_OF_PINGS), FoundTarget) == false)
            {
                Quit = true;
                break;
            }

            if (FoundTarget)
            {
                Success = true;
                break;
            }
        }

        HopCount++;
        Sleep(100);
    }

    OutputText(IDS_TRACE_COMPLETE);

    FreeAddrInfoW(Info.Target);
    if (Info.hIcmpFile)
    {
        IcmpCloseHandle(Info.hIcmpFile);
    }

    return Success;
}

Usage()

static VOID Usage ( void  )

static

Definition at line 153 of file tracert.cpp.

Referenced by ParseCmdline().

{
    OutputText(IDS_USAGE);
}

wmain()

EXTERN_C int wmain	(	int	argc,
		wchar_t *	argv[]
	)

Definition at line 556 of file tracert.cpp.

{
#ifdef USE_CONUTILS
    /* Initialize the Console Standard Streams */
    ConInitStdStreams();
#endif

    Info.ResolveAddresses = true;
    Info.MaxHops = 30;
    Info.Timeout = 4000;
    Info.Family = AF_UNSPEC;

    if (!ParseCmdline(argc, argv))
    {
        return 1;
    }

    WSADATA WsaData;
    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &WsaData))
    {
        return 1;
    }

    bool Success;
    Success = RunTraceRoute();

    WSACleanup();

    return Success ? 0 : 1;
}

Variable Documentation

Info

struct TraceInfo Info = { 0 }

Referenced by AcpiDsCallControlMethod(), AcpiDsCreateBankField(), AcpiDsCreateField(), AcpiDsCreateIndexField(), AcpiDsInitializeObjects(), AcpiDsInitOneObject(), AcpiEvaluateObject(), AcpiEvAsynchExecuteGpeMethod(), AcpiEvExecuteRegMethod(), AcpiEvExecuteRegMethods(), AcpiEvGetGpeDevice(), AcpiEvNotifyDispatch(), AcpiEvQueueNotifyRequest(), AcpiEvRegRun(), AcpiGetDevices(), AcpiGetGpeDevice(), AcpiGetObjectInfo(), AcpiGetSleepTypeData(), AcpiGetVendorResource(), AcpiHwProcessPciList(), AcpiNsExecModuleCodeList(), AcpiNsExecuteTable(), AcpiNsFindIniMethods(), AcpiNsGetDeviceCallback(), AcpiNsInitializeDevices(), AcpiNsInitializeObjects(), AcpiNsInitOneDevice(), AcpiNsInitOneObject(), AcpiNsInternalizeName(), AcpiOsSignal(), AcpiRsMatchVendorResource(), AcpiRsSetSrsMethodData(), AcpiUtCopyIelementToEelement(), AcpiUtCopyIpackageToEpackage(), AcpiUtEvaluateObject(), AcpiUtGetElementLength(), AcpiUtGetPackageObjectSize(), AddExtension(), AddFile(), AssocGetPerceivedType(), BasepProbeForDllManifest(), BestFit_FromNLS(), DriveVolume::BuildFileList(), CallNotificationDlls(), ChangeServiceConfig2A(), ChangeServiceConfig2W(), CmpQueryKeyData(), CmpQueryKeyValueData(), co_IntSetScrollInfo(), CompareFunc(), ConsoleChildFrmProc(), ConsoleMainFrameWndProc(), CreateEditWindow(), CreateFontWindow(), CreateImageEditWindow(), CreateMainWindow(), DECLARE_INTERFACE_(), DecodeResponse(), DeleteDialogProc(), DispTdiSetInformationEx(), EditGlyphDlgProc(), EditGlyphEditWndProc(), EditGlyphPreviewWndProc(), EditWndProc(), CAvailableApps::Enum(), EnumDeviceKeys(), EnumInstalledApplications(), ExpCopyLookasideInformation(), CZipExtract::Extract(), CAvailableApps::FindInfoList(), FolderOptionsFileTypesDlg(), FontBoxesWndProc(), FontWndProc(), FrameOnCommand(), FrameOnCreate(), CAvailableApps::FreeCachedEntries(), CMainWindow::FreeInstalledAppList(), FsRtlGetFileSize(), FsRtlGetTunnelParameterValue(), DriveVolume::GetRootPath(), CAvailableApps::GetSelected(), ImageEditWndProc(), InitEditWnd(), Initialize(), InitializeProvider(), IntDrawScrollBar(), IntEnumFontFamilies(), IntScrollCreateScrollBar(), IsConsoleProcess(), KdbpCmdEvalExpression(), LanAdapterInfo(), ListWndNotifyProc(), LsarQueryModification(), MainWndProc(), MainWndResize(), MainWndTranslateMDISysAccel(), DriveVolume::MoveFileDumb(), MupGetProviderInformation(), NLS_RecordsCountForDBCSTable(), NtGdiGetFontFamilyInfo(), COpenWithList::OpenMRUList(), OpenPropSheet(), ParseCmdline(), PlayLogonSoundThread(), PnpDecodeFixedMemory(), PnpDecodeMemory16(), PnpDecodeMemory32(), PopReadShutdownPolicy(), PrintHopInfo(), PrintStatistics(), ProcessFiles(), PspReapRoutine(), QSI_DEF(), RegpCopyTree(), RemoveAppFromRegistry(), ResolveTarget(), RtlpPageHeapFree(), RtlSetInformationAcl(), RunTraceRoute(), DriveVolume::ScanDirectory(), SetAccountsDomainSid(), SetPrimaryDomain(), SHELL_execute(), CAvailableAppView::ShowAvailableAppInfo(), ShowInstalledAppInfo(), Defragment::Start(), StartDefragThread(), Test1(), Test2(), Test3(), TestCommandLine(), TimerCallback1(), TimerCallback2(), TimerCallback3(), USBH_IoctlGetNodeConnectionInformation(), VBEGetVideoChildDescriptor(), VBEReadEdidUsingSCI(), VbeService(), VBESortModesCallback(), VideoPortIsNoVesa(), WaitForService(), wmain(), WSHSetSocketInformation(), wWinMain(), XboxVmpInitialize(), and XboxVmpMapVideoMemory().